Increasingly powerful and diverse computing technologies have the potential to tackle ever greater and more complex problems and dilemmas in engineering and sci

Modern optimization approaches have attracted an increasing number of scientists, decision makers, and researchers. As new issues in this field emerge, differen

Evolutionary computation has emerged as a major topic in the scientific community as many of its techniques have successfully been applied to solve problems in

Developments in technologies have evolved in a much wider use of technology throughout science, government, and business; resulting in the expansion of geograph