One of the most harmful, costly, and intractable legacies of the command economies of Central and Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union is the reliance on

This report brings together the available evidence from primary and secondary sources, including household surveys and results of recent qualitative studies, to

The conversion from planned to market economies spawned new opportunities and challenges in Central and Eastern Europe and Central Asia. Since the social safety

This data-rich volume reviews short- and long-term consequences of residential or institutional care for children across the globe as well as approaches to redu