How global forest management shifted from an integrated conservation model to a bifurcated system of timber plantations and protected areas. Today, the world's

Understand the social, economic, and environmental impacts of the development of forest plantationsand the conservation involved Controversy surrounds the quest

Plantation forests often have a negative image. They are typically assumed to be poor substitutes for natural forests, particularly in terms of biodiversity con

1 Plantation forests and biodiversity: Oxymoron or opportunity? Forests form the natural vegetation over much of the Earth’s land, and they are critical for t

IUCN's Protected Areas Management Categories, which classify protected areas according to their management objectives, are today accepted as the benchmark for d