This is the first book to systemize all levels of communicative behavior of phages. Phages represent the most diverse inhabitants on this planet. Until today th

Communication is defined as an interaction between at least two living agents which share a repertoire of signs. These are combined according to syntactic, sema

Communication is defined as an interaction between at least two living agents which share a repertoire of signs. These are combined according to syntactic, sema

Bacteriophages, or phages, are viruses that infect bacteria and are believed to be the most abundant and genetically diverse organisms on Earth. As such, their

Archaea represent a third domain of life with unique properties not found in the other domains. Archaea actively compete for environmental resources. They perce