This paper examines the relative demands for domestic and foreign currency deposits by residents of developing countries. A dynamic currency substitution model

The level and trend in cash use in a country will influence the demand for central bank digital currency (CBDC). While access to digital currency will be more c

A stable money demand forms the cornerstone in formulating and conducting monetary policy. Consequently, numerous theoretical and empirical studies have been co

This update of the guidelines published in 2001 sets forth the underlying framework for the Reserves Data Template and provides operational advice for its use.