The Greek name Mesopotamia means 'land between the rivers.' The Romans used this term for an area that they controlled only briefly (between 115 and 117 A.D.):

The Historical Dictionary of Iraq begins with the earliest civilizations and covers the many periods that followed, ranging from the history of ancient Mesopota

Defines concepts and customs specific to ancient Mesopotamia, covering such topics as religion, social life, geography, kings and rulers, and economics.

There are two Armenias: the current Republic of Armenia and historic Armenia. The modern state dates from the early 20th century. Historic Armenia was part of t

An authoritative guide to the whole of the cradle of civilization.