Dr Hardy has attempted a general history of British India's Muslims with a deeper perspective. He shows how the interplay of memories of past Muslim supremacy,

This book explores how belief in a global conspiracy against the British Empire ignited local politics and schemes in southern India.

In a study of the vitality of Islam in late-nineteenth-century north India, Barbara Metcalf explains the response of Islamic religious scholars ('ulama) to the

This study questions current views that Muslims represented a secure point of reference for the British understanding of colonial Indian society. Through revisi