A treatise concerning papal powers and rights in the politics and temporal affairs of France, written during the clash between King Philip IV of France and Pope

"This book describes the roots of a set of ideals that effected a radical transformation of eleventh-century European society that led to the confrontation betw

As a 'biography' of the fourteenth-century illustrated Bible of Clement VII, an opposition pope in Avignon from 1378-94, this social history traces the Bible's

While they often go hand-in-hand and the distinction between the two is frequently blurred, authority and power are distinct concepts and abilities - this was a

Historians commonly designate the High Middle Ages as the era of the "papal monarchy," when the popes of Rome vied with secular rulers for spiritual and tempora