This is the first book devoted entirely to Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), which is a non-specific algorithm, similar to evolutionary algorithms, such as tab

This book explains the theoretical structure of particle swarm optimization (PSO) and focuses on the application of PSO to portfolio optimization problems. The

Particle swarm optimisation (PSO) is one of the recently developed swarm intelligent optimisation technologies that offer the advantages of simplicity and fast

Although the particle swarm optimisation (PSO) algorithm requires relatively few parameters and is computationally simple and easy to implement, it is not a glo

Optimization happens everywhere. Machine learning is one example of such and gradient descent is probably the most famous algorithm for performing optimization.