Even though the left has never held power in Iran, its impact on the political, intellectual and cultural development of modern Iran has been profound. This boo

The contributors of this book undertake a fundamental reexamination and reappraisal of the phenomenon of leftist activism in Iran.

Islamist movements seeking power today are faced with difficult choices regarding strategy, ranging from armed struggle to electoral efforts. An emerging altern

For decades, political observers and pundits have characterized the Islamic Republic of Iran as an ideologically rigid state on the verge of collapse, exclusive

This book provides a fresh perspective on the origins of the confrontation between the US and Iran. It demonstrates that, contrary to the claims of Iran's leade