Examines the debates over ecclesiastical reform in western Europe during the high Middle Ages from a new perspective.

Reference entries, overview essays, and primary source document excerpts survey the history and unveil the successes and failures of the longest-lasting Europea

The increased interest in religion as a phenomenon and its various cultural contexts is encouraging a focus on the relationship between religion and politics. H

During the middle ages, belief in God was the single more important principle for every person, and the all-powerful church was the most important institution.

This is the first major study in English of the queens of the Ottonian dynasty (919-1024). The Ottonians were a family from Saxony who are often regarded as the