New Insights into Microbial Ecology through Subtle Nucleotide Variation

Download or read book New Insights into Microbial Ecology through Subtle Nucleotide Variation written by A. Murat Eren and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2016-10-26 with total page 135 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 16S ribosomal RNA gene commonly serves as a molecular marker for investigating microbial community composition and structure. Vast amounts of 16S rRNA amplicon data generated from environmental samples thanks to the recent advances in sequencing technologies allowed microbial ecologists to explore microbial community dynamics over temporal and spatial scales deeper than ever before. However, widely used methods for the analysis of bacterial communities generally ignore subtle nucleotide variations among high-throughput sequencing reads and often fail to resolve ecologically meaningful differences between closely related organisms in complex microbial datasets. Lack of proper partitioning of the sequencing data into relevant units often masks important ecological patterns. Our research topic contains articles that use oligotyping to demonstrate the importantance of high-resolution analyses of marker gene data, and providides further evidence why microbial ecologists should open the "black box" of OTUs identified through arbitrary sequence similarity thresholds.