This book opens a new path of examining Islamic thought in and of Europe. It explores the contribution of European Islam to the formation of an innovative Islam

Discusses how a distinctive 'European' identity has grown over the centuries, especially with the EU.

Five centuries after the expulsion of Muslims and Jews from Spain, Europe is once again becoming a land of Islam. At the beginning of a new millennium, and in a

An unprecedented, richly, detailed, and clear-eyed exploration of Islam in European history and civilization Tensions over Islam were escalating in Europe even

Louis Massignon, H.A.R. Gibb, Marshall Hodgsons and T.E. Lawrence are discussed in a collection of essays that focuses on the relationship between European and