The Role of Tumor Microenvironment in the Development, Treatment and Prognosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Download or read book The Role of Tumor Microenvironment in the Development, Treatment and Prognosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma written by Jiang Chen and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2024-01-18 with total page 403 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Primary liver cancer (PLC), including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC), and other rare tumors, is the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality. Of all primary liver cancer, HCC is the most common type. Evidence has accumulated that the tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a key role in fostering or restraining tumor development. The tumor microenvironment (TME), which includes molecular, cellular, extracellular matrix(ECM), and vascular signaling pathways, is a complex ecosystem. The interaction between the tumor microenvironment and cancer cells can enhance the malignant properties of tumors, including proliferation, angiogenesis, metastasis, and therapy resistance. In addition, the tumor microenvironment can also lead to abnormal angiogenesis and promote immunosuppression. HCC has been resistant to targeted therapy and immunotherapy. Therefore, further study of the tumor microenvironment of HCC may be helpful for the development of therapeutic methods for HCC.