Following an explosion of research on Bose–Einstein condensation (BEC) ignited by demonstration of the effect by 2001 Nobel prize winners Cornell, Wieman and

A wide-ranging review of modern spectroscopic techniques such as X-ray, photoelectron, optical and laser spectroscopy, and radiofrequency and microwave techniqu

The rapid development of quantum technologies has driven a revolution in related research areas such as quantum computation and communication, and quantum mater

Among the most remarkable effects that quantum mechanics adds to the catalog of the thermal properties of matter is "condensation" of an ideal gas of identical

Vortices comprising swirling motion of matter are observable in classical systems at all scales ranging from atomic size to the scale of galaxies. In quantum me